How do the indicators used by a city of metropolitan region differ from the global indicators8/25/2023 In some contexts, where there is no national impetus to incentivize SDG adoption, or there are inadequate resources to fulfil everyday local-level priorities, the agenda faces institutional and political resistance 19, 20. Yet, more than five-plus years on from the international agreement on the 2030 Agenda, many cities remain unaware of the SDGs or resistant to adopt what they consider to be another onerous reporting system 18. Over time, localization processes have taken on two purposes: to garner local governments’ support in achieving the SDGs through action on the ground and to make the SDGs a useful framework for local sustainable development policy 17. To make the global goals and targets relevant at the local level, a process of SDG ‘localization’ has emerged 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, acknowledging that ‘ local-level indicators must be included in any future development framework, because local governments are the primary point of institutional contact for the majority of individuals’ 16. It has been widely acknowledged that taking a place-based approach, with a particular focus on urban areas, will be crucial for the success of all the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs), not just SDG 11 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. With more than 60% people living in cities by 2030 1, the importance of cities for achieving the well-being of people and planet was well-recognized in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, particularly through the inclusion of a stand-alone goal on cities (SDG 11). Critically, despite the excitement around big data, most cities are unable to access them due to capacity challenges, data ownership, and privacy concerns. We find that data is considered a useful entry point for local sustainable development conversations and employing a focus on data management is welcomed by nearly all local governments, however, few localities explicitly focus on data to improve their sustainable development outcomes. We consider to what extent a data-based approach to governance can help cities in (a) localizing the sustainable development goals (SDGs) (b) integrating national and local datasets (c) increasing openness of data and enabling better accountability for outcomes and (d) encouraging innovation in data gathering. ![]() This paper examines nine city and subnational pilot projects conducted between 20, to assess the role of a data-based approach to governance in improving decision-making for sustainable development. Cities are central to achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, yet many remain disengaged from the process.
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